Immunotherapy is something that you must be aware of when it comes to treating cancer. But first-line immunotherapy is something that is an upgrade to what immunotherapy is known for so far. It is a treatment where immunotherapy is given right after the cancer’s diagnosis, rather than waiting for other treatments to stop working. This is why this approach has a higher possibility of improving your treatment’s outcomes.
Which cancers can be treated?
While first-line immunotherapy can improve outcomes for your cancer treatment, it is still not suitable for every cancer type. Doctors may usually recommend it only for cancers that have biomarkers. Some of the cancers are:
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Melanoma
Endometrial cancers
Bladder cancers
How is it improving treatment outcomes?
Using immunotherapy at the beginning of the treatment has changed the outcomes significantly. The study published by ScienceDirect in January 2022 shows how first-line immunotherapy is achieving better treatment outcomes. By activating your immune system in the early stages, it can control the spread of cancer before it even starts. It can also improve your treatment response and lower the risk of relapse. Doctors can also combine immunotherapy with chemotherapy in some cases, which can be more effective than traditional cancer treatment.
Who is eligible for the treatment?
First-line immunotherapy is not the only one solution for all types of cancer. But before moving on with this approach, doctors may assess several factors and your health. They may consider your cancer’s type, stage, and the specific biomarkers on the cancer cells. The reason doctors usually do this is to ensure your body is compatible enough to respond to the treatment and to ensure your safety. In most cases, biomarker testing can be a crucial step to see whether your body is ready to receive the treatment or not. Only after examining and evaluating all these results do doctors decide if they want to opt for first-line immunotherapy.
Possible side effects
Just like any other cancer treatment, first-line chemotherapy can also have some potential side effects.
Feeling unusually tired
Changes in your skin, like a rash or dry skin
Sudden digestive problems
Mild aches and stiffness in joints
Hormone-related changes that may affect your metabolism
Lung and liver inflammation
What are the current challenges?
While first-line immunotherapy has transformed the outcomes of the treatment, it still has certain challenges. A study published by Frontiers in June 2025 states the current challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Biomarker testing and the cost of the treatment can also limit its availability.
Stepping towards the future
Although first-line immunotherapy is still not a standard cancer treatment, it has started to raise hope for the future. With ongoing research and advancements, it has made cancer treatment more personalized and safe for future generations.